Constructing a scientific, systematic, and practical indicator system for Chinese Modernization is essential for advancing high-quality development and effectively implementing China's medium- and long-term strategic goals. First, based on a comprehensive literature review of modernization indicator systems both domestically and internationally, this paper summarizes the evolutionary trajectory from a singular perspective to a multidimensional framework involving economic, social, and ecological dimensions, highlighting research trends and focal points specific to the Chinese context. Second, employing keyword clustering and knowledge mapping through the CNKI database, this study synthesizes the current research hotspots and evolutionary pathways of Chinese Modernization indicator systems. The results indicate that scholars have primarily developed evaluation dimensions from five key perspectives: the "Five-Sphere Integrated Plan," the five major characteristics of Chinese Modernization, the new development philosophy, the coordinated development of production-living-ecological spaces, and regional governance, selecting high-frequency representative secondary indicators within the five main domains of economy, society, politics, culture, and ecology. Furthermore, this paper explores the logical integration and measurement methods for indicator target-setting aligned with China's strategic milestones for 2035 and 2050, as well as discusses the appropriate application boundaries of subjective, objective, and combined methods in comprehensive evaluations. Finally, the study proposes future research directions focusing on top-level design, phased goal-setting, and indicator dimensions. Specifically, it emphasizes integrating multidimensional theoretical frameworks, standardizing stage-wise development goals, and balancing Chinese characteristics with international consensus, thereby providing a robust reference for the ongoing refinement and policy application of the Chinese Modernization indicator system.